The Uses of The

The Uses of The The Uses of â€Å"The† The Uses of â€Å"The† By Maeve Maddox A reader has a question about the use of the definite article the: I have been searching without success for a good and thorough explanation of how and when to use the. I have an Iranian friend, and his English is excellent, save for his use of the. Neither he nor I have been able to find anything that clearly and comprehensively explains all of the different uses. Any suggestions? I doubt any source can be found that explains â€Å"all of the different uses of the clearly and comprehensively.† One researcher has called the English article system a psychomechanism, â€Å"a system through which native speakers use articles correctly but unconsciously.† The misuse of the does not impede communication, but it is a clue that an email purporting to be from an English-speaking friend supposedly stranded in a foreign country is a scam. The only suggestion I can offer about the use of the is that the secret lies in the concepts of definiteness and countability. Definiteness A noun has â€Å"definiteness† when there is something unique or specific about it. Here are some examples: The sun was worshipped by the ancient Aztecs. (In this context, sun is uncountable) The driver found an injured cat. He took the cat to an animal clinic. (First it’s â€Å"a cat,† one among many. Once mentioned, it’s â€Å"the cat,† the specific cat that was picked up by the motorist.) She’s waiting for the bus. (In this context, â€Å"the bus† is a service.) Other examples: We took the train to Chicago. I prefer the telephone to email. The Salvation Army feeds the hungry and ministers to the poor. (The is used with adjectives that are used as nouns to denote a group.) Countability Nouns are said to be countable or uncountable. Other terms are count nouns and noncount nouns. Because countable nouns can be counted, they have a singular and a plural form: one cat, two cats. The difficulty with this category is that some nouns can be both countable and uncountable, depending on context. Compare: Major crops are cotton and rice. Fido takes the cotton out of all his toys. You prepare the salad and I’ll cook the rice. I don’t much care for coffee. They ordered three coffees and a tea. Here, you take the coffee. I don’t want it. His brother is still looking for work. She quit her job because she didn’t like the work. ESL speakers struggling with the uses of the will benefit from the use of a dictionary designed for them. Regular dictionaries don’t always categorize nouns as to count and noncount, but beginners’ dictionaries do. Nouns that are usually noncount can be learned according to certain categories. For example: Agricultural crops: coffee, rice, sugar, etc. Natural phenomena: rain, snow, gravity, etc. Liquids: water, wine, blood, etc. Abstractions: honesty, courage, intelligence, etc. The British Council site offers a thorough discussion of the uses of the. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:"Based in" and "based out of"Homogeneous vs. HeterogeneousUsing Writing Bursts to Generate Ideas and Enthusiasm

Geodetic Datum - WGS 84 - NAD 83 - GPS

Geodetic Datum - WGS 84 - NAD 83 - GPS A geodetic datum is a tool used to define the shape and size of the earth, as well as the reference point for the various coordinate systems used in mapping the earth. Throughout time, hundreds of different datums have been used - each one changing with the earth views of the times. True geodetic datums, however, are only those which appeared after the 1700s. Prior to that, the earths ellipsoidal shape was not always taken into consideration, as many still believed it was flat. Since most datums today are used for measuring and showing large portions of the earth, an ellipsoidal model is essential. The Vertical and Horizontal Datums Today, there are hundreds of different datums in use; but, they are all either horizontal or vertical in their orientation. The horizontal datum is the one that is used in measuring a specific position on the earths surface in coordinate systems such as latitude and longitude. Because of the different local datums (i.e. those having different reference points), the same position can have many different geographic coordinates so it is important to know which datum the reference is in. The vertical datum measures the elevations of specific points on the earth. This data is gathered via tides with sea level measurements, geodetic surveying with different ellipsoid models used with the horizontal datum, and gravity, measured with the geoid. The data is then depicted on maps as some height above sea level. For reference, the geoid is a mathematical model of the earth measured with gravity that corresponds with the mean ocean surface level on the earth- such as if the water were extended over the land. Because the surface is highly irregular, however, there are different local geoids that are used to get the most accurate mathematical model possible for use in measuring vertical distances. Commonly Used Datums As previously mentioned, there are many datums in use around the world today. Some of the most commonly used datums are those of the World Geodetic System, the North American Datums, those of the Ordnance Survey of Great Britain, and the European Datum; however, this is by no means an exhaustive list. Within the World Geodetic System (WGS), there are several different datums that have been in use throughout the years. These are WGS 84, 72, 70, and 60. The WGS 84 is currently the one in use for this system and is valid until 2010. In addition, it is one of the most widely used datums around the world. In the 1980s, the United States Department of Defense used the Geodetic Reference System, 1980 (GRS 80) and Doppler satellite images to create a new, more accurate world geodetic system. This became what is known today as WGS 84. In terms of reference, WGS 84 uses what is called the zero meridian but because of the new measurements, it shifted 100 meters (0.062 miles) from the previously used Prime Meridian. Similar to WGS 84 is the North American Datum 1983 (NAD 83). This is the official horizontal datum for use in the North and Central American geodetic networks. Like WGS 84, it is based on the GRS 80 ellipsoid so the two have very similar measurements. NAD 83 was also developed using satellite and remote sensing imagery and is the default datum on most GPS units today. Prior to NAD 83 was NAD 27, a horizontal datum constructed in 1927 based on the Clarke 1866 ellipsoid. Though NAD 27 was in use for many years and still appears on the  United States topographic maps, it was based on a series of approximations with the geodetic center being based at Meades Ranch, Kansas. This point was chosen because it is near the geographic center of the contiguous United States. Also similar to WGS 84 is the Ordnance Survey of Great Britain 1936 (OSGB36) as the latitude and longitude positions of points are the same in both datums. However, it is based on the Airy 1830 ellipsoid as it shows Great Britain, its primary user, the most accurately. The European Datum 1950 (ED50) is the datum used for showing much of Western Europe and was developed after World War II when a reliable system of mapping borders was needed. It was based on the International Ellipsoid but changed when GRS80 and WGS84 were put into use. Today ED50s latitude and longitude lines are similar to WGS84 but the lines do become farther apart on ED50 when moving toward Eastern Europe. When working with these or other map datums, it is important to always be aware of which datum a particular map is referenced in because often there are large differences in terms of distance between place to place on each different datum. This datum shift can then cause problems in terms of navigation and/or in trying to locate a specific place or object as a user of the wrong datum can sometimes be hundreds of meters from their desired position. Whichever datum is used, however, they represent a powerful geographic tool but are most important in cartography, geology, navigation, surveying, and sometimes even astronomy. In fact, geodesy (the study of measurement and Earth representation) has become its own subject within the field of earth sciences.

Marketing Research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Marketing Research - Essay Example The company believes that people’s concern of over quality and health have contributed to the success of the company. Consumers are drawn to Kudler’s no-preservatives baked goods as well to its old world style of baking process. In addition to this, the meat and seafood from certified organic producers met the exacting demands of the discerning customers ; thus, it is common sighting in Kudler’s to see the crà ¨me of the society selecting prime cuts during weekends. The herbs and spices are much sought after by local chefs and the wide variety of tropical fruits are mostly patronized by the health conscious customers. The cheese and dairy section were given a boost by the cheese sampling done every Saturday as well as the wine appreciation classes that sparked the interest of the common public. Nevertheless, Kudler also reaches out to the public through its reasonable prices so that everyone would appreciate gourmet food. Indeed, Kudler Fine Foods has gone a lon g way in its market development. However, the importance of marketing research cannot be undermined as there are many new entrants into this market segment. In addition to this, the fast-growing operations must be consistent in providing excellent service to its existing and potential customers. Kudler must not rest on its laurels; instead, it must develop a strong market research that would lead it to greater success through a larger market base. The main thrust of this paper is to confirm the importance of market research which can benefit the growth and maturity of Kudler Fine Foods. A sound market research would definitely do wonders by giving insight on domains or segments that can be tapped to develop. A good market profiling of customers both existing and potential could lead to sound tactical campaigns. Competitive intelligence and market analysis would provide the owners a clear picture of the whole gourmet store market which would correctly

Production, Costs and Profits Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Production, Costs and Profits - Essay Example However, after a certain level of output the marginal revenue product of labor starts diminishing with each additional unit of labor/worker. This means with each additional worker, although the output is increasing, but at a decreasing rate, i.e., negative marginal returns. If this continues, there might come a point at which output actually starts falling with addition of variable factor labor. Under such, if the capital has reached its limit/full capacity, the manager of the restaurant should consider adding a new grill and French fry machine as adding workers will only add to the costs and will not solve the problem (Rittenberg & Tregarthen, 2009, Chapter 8). Q: 2: Marginal Decision Rule: The marginal decision rule says that the optimal point is the one in which the marginal utility of the next unit is equal to its marginal cost. This rule was applied in this case when deciding how much labor and capital to use. Initially, the industries operating in the maquiladoras were very lab or incentive and only about 9% skilled labor was required to operate the existing setup. But then as the industry became more capital intensive, then more skilled labor were required and the percentage increased to 12% (Lucinda, 2001). Benefits: Although the capital and skilled labor were increasing in the Maquiladoras, but proper training was being given to them so that they can do the work properly and the marginal product rises instead of declining. Maquiladoras have benefitted US a lot. It has increased the business in the border areas. Moreover, it has created jobs for the people. Many manufacturers have also relocated in these areas. Due to this, the areas which were facing double digit unemployment have now generated enough jobs to reduce this unemployment. Moreover, the infrastructure has also developed in the areas where Maquiladoras are located in the US (Lucinda, 2001). Q.3 A generic drug company is one that produces drugs that are identical in essence (not literally) to branded drugs in dosage, strength, quality, intended use and performance characteristics. The chemical formulation is also similar and the name is often kept after the chemical name for marketing without much advertising. The generic drug industry, though still highly regulated, was given some relaxations under the Drug Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act of 1984 after which the industry boomed. The fact that the generic drug companies do not have to invest much on the research and development as compared to branded drug companies is the single most important factor for the success of these companies. For any drug company, R & D is a huge investment that it makes in order to keep coming up with new and better drugs for the healthcare industry and forms a significant part of the overall manufacturing and marketing of a particular drug. Thus, the companies that simply take the chemical formula of branded drugs without investing on R & D themselves save on their costs and are a ble to sell the drug at a significant discount from the price of an identical branded drug. Thus, a cheaper drug with similar properties will obviously sell more. Secondly, with generic drug companies allowed to make identical drugs, the patents are unable to protect branded drug comp

Gay and Lesbian Visibility in Movies and Television :: essays research papers fc

The 1990s saw surge of gay characters in both television and movies. From Ellen Degeneres and her character Ellen Morgan coming out under much scrutiny on the TV show ‘Ellen,’ to Julia Roberts and Rupert Everett comedically playing off each other in the motion picture ‘My Best Friend’s Wedding.’ Sure, gays and lesbians have been around forever, especially in Hollywood. But never has there been a time to be more out. With the popularity of shows like Will and Grace, which feature leading gay characters, as well as Dawson’s Creek and it’s supporting character of teenager Jack McPhee, we are slowly seeing gay and lesbian characters creeping into the mainstream media.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The family unit has always been a treasured and revered dynamic on television and in movies. Dating all the way back to I Love Lucy, storylines focused on the relationship between man and woman. Ozzie and Harriet introduced us to the quintessential American family—father in a suit, mother in pearls, and two exceptional children. It wasn’t until the 1970s that gay characters and lifestyles began to emerge. In 1973, An American Family, a PBS series featured one of the family’s sons revealing his homosexuality. In 1977, the television show Soap costarred Billy Crystal as an openly gay man. In the 1980s, it became trendy to feature gay and lesbian characters in ensemble casts. If you watch reruns, you can always find the token gay, that is, the really flaming homo or the butch lesbian gym teacher. The motion picture Mannequin, starring Andrew McCarthy and Kim Catrall, featured Meshach Taylor as Hollywood, an eccentric, finger-snapping homosexual. Many stereotypes such as these continued until the early nineties.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In 1991, on LA Law, two women share the first same sex kiss on prime time television. A few years later, NBC’s hit show FRIENDS featured Ross Gellar’s ex wife as a lesbian, raining a child with her female partner. At the same time, the FOX network censored a gay same sex kiss on Melrose Place, a show known for pushing limits. Around the same time, censors and right wing groups were up in arms over a kiss shared by Roseanne and Mariel Hemmingway. In the end, that kiss was also censored. But things were slowly evolving in the movies. Independent films had been featuring gays and lesbians as main characters, depicting real life and real relationships. Armistead Maupin’s Tales of The City revolved around a homo-hetero pairing.

Republic Act 9211: The Smoking Ban

I wasn’t aware till recently that a smoking ban was being enforced not only in Makati (as everyone generally knows), but nationwide. The Republic Act 9211, also known as the Tobacco Regulation Act of 2003, was signed into law last June 2003 to be in sync with the World Health Organization's Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. The purpose of this act is to protect citizens from the hazards of tobacco smoke, to regulate all tobacco advertisements and sponsorship, to promote a healthful environment, and to assist Filipino tobacco farmers in cultivating alternative agricultural crops to prevent economic dislocation. The Republic Act of 9211 is an excellent law because it doesn’t strip the citizens, smokers or non-smokers alike, from their own perspective rights. In section 5 of this act, the bill states that smoking is prohibited in all public places. This is good because it protects non-smokers from second hand smoking, which is known to cause lung cancer and is very hazardous for the health. This way the health of the non-smoker isn’t affected in any way. The public places where they implement this law are pretty appropriate too like in hospitals/clinics/ health centers /nursing homes because it prevents sick people to get even sicker; in restaurants and conference halls because it allows people to have room to breath in and not die from smoke suffocation; in centers of youth activity like schools because it helps children develop strong and healthy lungs. However, there are smokers who complain about this smoking ban being harsh and that strips their right to smoke. After all, it is their own body that would be affected anyway. The thing is, their right isn’t being stripped at all. The government isn’t banning them from smoking at all. In section 6 of the bill, it states that all enclosed places that are open to the general public, the owner or administrator of such places should establish smoking areas. This means that smokers can still smoke whenever they want but only at specific places so that they won’t affect the health of others. Smokers have been treated for so long as the minority. We can’t even complain to smokers in the same table or in the same room because we think that that is rude – when in truth, it’s the smoker who is discourteous and inconsiderate. This act teaches smokers to be more responsible of their actions and be more considerate of others. It is also written that it is unlawful for minors to purchase cigarettes and for cigarettes to be to them (found in section 9). This point doesn’t need much explaining. We all know that persons under the age of 18 shouldn’t smoke. Since their lungs are still developing, if they smoke, their lungs will grow weaker and it would be difficult for them to breath. Moreover, studies show that people who start smoking under the age of 18 are more likely to get addicted to smoking and it is harder for them to stop. Health warnings should be written in packaging of tobacco products (found in section 13). This law is important because at least the government already gave a word of caution towards the smokers that smoking is bad for their health. This allows the smoker to reflect on their actions and consider the feelings of his family and friends regarding his harmful habit. If these smokers don’t listen and continue, then that is their own problem already. If anything happens to them, they can’t blame anyone but themselves. Right now the Ateneo de Manila University are destroying all smoket or smoking areas located around campus. Without these smokets, there won’t be a place for smokers to take a huff. I think that the school implemented such a rule in order to prevent students from smoking and start living healthy. However, I think that this action will result to a completely different outcome. Without a place to smoke, the students and teachers would become more agitated and irritated. They won’t be able to concentrate in class and this would disrupt their process of learning. Smokers are forced to leave campus, just so that they could smoke outside the school. If this happens, there is a high possibility that smokers will come late for class or even cut the entire period. Smoking was never a problem for the school at the first place. Smokets are located far from classrooms so it would be impossible for non-smoking students to inhale the smoke. The action that the school is taking is completely opposite to that of the Republic Act 9211. Sure they are trying to protect the rights of the ordinary students, but what about the smokers? Their right is smoked is being stripped off and I wouldn’t be surprised if a movement that goes against this newly implemented law starts. The implementation of smoking bans has been weak. There are still a lot of places that are not strict in implementation. Nothing much is heard in the tri-media since 2003. And if you go around Manila and the provinces, you would still see a lot people smoking in the prohibited places mentioned. Cities and municipalities that have initiated or intensified anti-smoking campaigns are usually met with strong opposition from the business and the tourism sectors. These sectors say that the ban can drive away tourists and their customers and decrease their income. The Republic Act 9211 may be an excellent law but without serious political will and dedication to have this law properly followed and enforced, it will remain excellent in paper only.

Leadership Style And Management Of Hillary Clinton And...

The dynamics of leadership’s styles have changed throughout the century because the dynamics of leaders have changed. Many researchers have conceptualized the term leadership to make it simpler to understand, however it can be quite complicated because there are some many levels and components that make up a great leader in theory. There are no equations to explain how to become the perfect leader or how to obtain the perfect leadership style. There are strategies one can use to develop as a leader and certain behaviors that can allow an individual to identify with a particular style of leadership. In fact when dealing with followers of any sort, this allows the public to get a glimpse and know when the individual in authority changes. It would give the public a better understanding of what to expect and what to desire in future leaders. With this in mind, the purpose of this analysis is to evaluate and summarize the leadership style and management of Hillary Clinton and Donal d Trump. Since they both hold influence and they’ve developed a campaign to become the greatest leader of the United States of America this analysis will explore the different styles they possess to get a better idea of their leadership behaviors. Keywords: Leadership, Leadership Style, Hillary Clinton, Donald Trump, 2016 Election Introduction Since the late 1700’s the United States of America has experienced a multitude of leaders under a federal republic government. The system of governmentShow MoreRelatedLeadership Styles And Management Of Hillary Clinton And Donald Trump Essay2171 Words   |  9 PagesThe dynamics of leadership’s styles has changed throughout the century because the dynamics of leaders have changed. 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For that reason, this essay will consider the styles of two leaders who are less visible inRead MoreLeadership Style Of Leadership Styles Essay1433 Words   |  6 Pagesprobably feel as if they know enough about leadership to speak on the subject. In many cases, however, this is not truly the case at all. Leadership is a broad concept, and there are several different styles and approaches to consider when studying the topic. It is important to consider these styles and approaches when evaluating the effectiveness, or lack thereof, of any particular form of leadership. With that in mind, this essay will consider the leadership styles of two leaders who are involved in theRead MoreThe New York Times Of India, And The Gua rdian The United Kingdom Edition1299 Words   |  6 PagesTimes of India, and The Guardian the United Kingdom edition. The article that I chose to compare between the three of them is about President Trump choosing his security advisors. I thought that it would be something that would spark many different opinions on a recent debate would be interesting to explore. The article itself is about President Trump choosing three of his new advisors for CIA Director which he appointed Mike Pompeo, for Attorney General, Jeff Sessions, and for National SecurityRead MoreLeadership : Leadership Behavior And Politics1370 Words   |  6 PagesLeadership Behaviors Politics Winning organizations today, attribute much of their success to having great people, great processes, and great leaders who inspire and motivate employees to follow them. Great leaders understand that they have influence and power over individuals, and what they do with this power defines them for years to come. We can all think of leaders of whom we respect and model our current behaviors after, and transversely, we can all think of leaders whose behaviors weRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesCover Designer: Wanda Espana OB Poll Graphics: Electra Graphics Cover Art: honey comb and a bee working / Shutterstock / LilKar Sr. Media Project Manager, Editorial: Denise Vaughn Media Project Manager, Production: Lisa Rinaldi Full-Service Project Management: Christian Holdener, S4Carlisle Publishing Services Composition: S4Carlisle Publishing Services Printer/Binder: Courier/K endallville Cover Printer: Courier/Kendalville Text Font: 10.5/12 ITC New Baskerville Std Credits and acknowledgments borrowed