The role of Automatic Exposure Control in reduction MDCT radiation Research Proposal

The role of Automatic Exposure Control in reduction MDCT radiation dose of chest and abdomen procedures - Research Proposal Example Research plan: A retrospective, co-relational, non-experimental phase II clinical trial will investigate paediatric patients who undergone MDCT on the chest and abdominal area and analyze their exposure to radiation dose using CTDI and DLP in relation with the use of AEC. Data will undergo t-test, Pearson’s r and ANOVA. Role of AEC will be identified based from the obtained data analysis. The overall aim of this project is to identify the role of Automatic Exposure Control (AEC) in reduction of Multiple Detectors Computerized Tomography scan (MDCT) radiation dose regarding its use, benefits and appropriateness in chest and abdomen procedures for paediatric patients. 3. To identify the best protocol and Automatic Exposure Control techniques for all manufacturers of Multiple Detectors Computerized Tomography apparatuses in minimizing the radiation dose for paediatric patients. This study hopes to provide further understanding to this newly-innovated MDCT technology, particularly about public concerns on the increasing medical radiation exposure mainly from CT scans, more specifically about its use in children who are more vulnerable than adults in radiation exposure. Should AEC be proven to be a safe and effective way in reducing radiation dose, this would give assurance to patients that the benefits of this procedure heavily outweigh the risks involved If AEC does not, this study will further warrant other researchers to either enhance the available AEC, or look for another safe and effective approach in reducing radiation dose by MDCT scanning. Multiple-Detectors Computerized Tomography (MDCT) is a diagnostic procedure as an improvisation of the standard single-slice computerized tomography. It is considered to be the greatest advancement of diagnostic imaging (Rubin, 2003). Known to be useful in vascular and cardiac

The Issues With Faculty Performance Reviews Essay Example for Free

The Issues With Faculty Performance Reviews Essay The peer review faculty evaluation system creates big sources of issues and confusion for a variety of reasons. Foremost among the reasons is the nature of interaction between peers in the education setting. Feedback provided, whether positive or negative, is oftentimes skewed due to personal relationships. Personal opinions that should not be present in a professional atmosphere take on added importance when it comes to determining the performance of the faculty. One partial solution to this problem is distributing anonymous peer reviews. If the identity of the person giving the advice is kept confidential, people will be more open to providing honest feedback because they will not violate issues of personal trust and friendship. On the other hand, anonymity also protects those who have personal vendettas against a particular faculty member without recourse to personal accountability. That being said, the peer review system should be anonymous. It is impossible to keep personal interests out of these reviews, but keeping them anonymous can shield against part of the confusion, however it will not eliminate it altogether because people are partial to colleagues they get along with, regardless of the performance in the classroom. Peer reviews need to be balanced against both student and administrative feedback in order to complete a more nuanced picture of the overall faculty performance.

Universal Studios In Singapore

Universal Studios In Singapore Universal Studio is 20 hectares in size, occupying the easternmost part of the 49-hectare Resorts World Sentosa. There are a total of 24 attractions, of which 18 are original or specially adapted for the park. The park consists of seven themed zones which surround a lagoon. The park is currently divided into seven themed areas: Hollywood, New York, Sci-Fi City, Ancient Egypt, The Lost World, Far Far Away and Madagascar, each zone is based on a blockbuster movie or a television show, featuring their own unique attractions, character appearances, dining and shopping areas. The park features the worlds tallest pair of dueling roller coasters that are based on the popular television series, Battlestar Galactica; a castle from the world of Shrek and Monster Rock, a live musical show featuring the Universal Monsters. Universal Studio has over 30 restaurants and food carts, together with 20 unique retail stores and carts located around the park. Attractions premiering are marked Premiere an d dining outlets that are certified Halal are marked with Halal. 3. What are the current services provided? Universal Studio has a number of recreational facilities, Breathtaking and stimulate, so impressive. The following six not to be missed: Transformers, Battlestar Galactica, Sherk 4D theater, Steven Spielbergs special effects studio, the Crate adventure of Madagascar, Hollywood dreams. Firstly, Transformers. Transformers this project in Universal studio opened in December 2011.The process itself is not only thrilling but also fun. Secondly, Battlestar Galactica. It is one of the highest of the two-track roller coaster in the world, if you enjoy the stimulation, you absolutely cannot miss it. Thirdly, Sherk 4D theater. This is the sequel Shrek won the Academy Award for best animated feature, in this original three-dimensional movies, everyone can enjoy whole-heartedly of surprises in the movie world without leaving the seat. Fourth, Steven Spielbergs special effects studio. It is chaired by Steven Spielberg, designed specifically for Singapore, with the magic of the movie, you can enjoy a different charm of New York City. Fifth, the Crate adventure of Madagascar. This is a popular indoor amusement projects, very interesting and exciting. Finally, the Hollywood dreams. 14 Magnificent floats, together with the special effects, tailored music, as well as the widely popular characters, plus more than 100 performers chic luxury apparel, and add unique charm to Universal Studios of Singapore. 4. What are your experiences when using such services? How do you feel? Any areas to improve Personally, I feel that it is an extraordinary and enjoyable to experience such wonderful things. When you are undergoing these by yourselves, you would feel extremely not only amazing but also unforgettable. And in my opinion, I suggest that controlling the amount of people to visit the place every day is necessary because that could make the tourists feel more relaxed. 5. Do you feel the staff needs training to further improve their service? I would like to say that I do feel the staff needs training to further improve their service; it is because it will help a lot in some ways. For example, it will help to enhance customers satisfaction. Also, it will encourage the staff to improve themselves and make them feel self-confident thus they can service the tourists better. Moreover, it will indirectly affect the economic efficiency and popularity of Universal Studio. 6. If you are the director of Marketing of this attraction, what are some of the ideas you would like to introduce? You may ignore the budget but use wild ideas to impress the Lecturer. We can build one of the largest ecological playgrounds, which are not only large recreational projects, Zoo, Underwater World, a Singapore plant-based forest landscape health district will also be build. According to the plan, the area of the ecological playground on acres of rides inside the top equipment are imported from abroad, we could accept visitors of five million people per year after the completion . Or, We can build a water park; there are a lot of different kinds of game projects, stimulating, risky, relaxing, and suitable for children and the elderly. We need to find some young people to work inside the park; they can make sure the security, meanwhile they also able to bring vitality and youngs atmosphere to the park. 7. In each of your idea, you have to identify what kind of income you think the attraction can get? In my opinion, I think the mainly income is from young people. It is because that young people nowadays are becoming more relaxed about life, they do things they want to do in order to enjoy their lives, and they spend much more money to things that attracts them compared to the past. So it will be easier to get money from the young. 8. Another challenge will be how to get the visitor spend $100 or more on that day? We can charge for the ticket when they enter the door, and then charge a reasonable price for each programme, and we can also provide places to sell some snacks and drinks, restaurant prices due to increase a little, at the same time ask some staff to do promotional activities so that visitors to buy souvenirs conveniently. in the short termà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã‹â€ less than 1 yearà ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã¢â‚¬ °Ãƒ ¯Ã‚ ¼Ã…’what do you think the attraction can boost their marketing effort?in the long term(3 years and beyond),what do you think the Marketing Dept should create to make the attraction sustainable? Universal Studios Singapore is Southeast Asias only Universal Studios theme park. It covers an area of about 20 hectares, including 21 amusement and performance project, the main theme of the Universal Pictures to create, such as Jurassic Park, Shrek and mummies, also including Battlestar two-track roller coaster and the worlds first to Madagascar the theme of the indoor rafting attractions. Sentosa Resorts World is the second phase of the project, from the third quarter of this year, after another debut, including the aquarium and marine life park. So keep the attractions will attract more tourists come to visit and play. Universal Studios recently new facilities enabled, every 28 seconds there is a wooden box, each can carry 20 passengers. To 0:15, its queuing time is also 85 minutes, with the Universal Studios other popular facilities about 90 minutes waiting time, not far off. Madagascar: A Crate Adventure is the first design based on the movie Madagascar rides. Visitors ride in a wooden box, drift with the flow, you can visit the water on both sides follow the example of Alex the Lion, zebra Horseshoe River Magnus LuoLiya, giraffes Mailman School of movie characters 89 moves the robot visitors rendered movie screen 12 feature from Dream Works Animation film shooting, especially animated fragments for rides. Each adult costs $ 60, children and the elderly fee are 30 In short, this facility enabled a significant increase in the curiosity of tourists, so bring a substantial income. So, in the next 1 to 3 years, this facility will inject fresh blood into the Universal Studios. Because the managers of innovation, create the facility, in order to ensure that the Universal Studios excess funds in the next few years, and is ready to buy the new facilities adequate preparation Conclusion Universal Studios Singapore began trial operation in March last year to attract tourists to the first nine months of about 200 million people. Universal Studios Singapore this year, is expected to attract 400 million visitors, management said. Sentosa Resorts World correspondingly increase the number of visitors is expected to increase from 15 million passengers to 16 million passengers. Resorts World Sentosa president Chen Qide, Universal Studios Singapore visitors, foreigners accounted for 75%, Chinese tourists accounted for about 10-15%. I would like to Universal Studios in a few years after the market is growing, it is possible to open other branches in other countries such as China

Software Piracy Essay -- essays research papers fc

Software Piracy - Are We Doing Enough? Introduction Imagine that a person offered to break into a software store, turn off all the alarms, and hold the doors open, and allow you to take whatever you wanted from the store. This situation is faced by most computer owners everyday, not necessarily in this form, but in the form of software piracy. Software piracy is the unauthorised duplication and or distribution of copyrighted programs. There would only be select group who would not be tempted by the prospect of basically free software, most of those who are offered these kind of goods either accept them, or are unaware that they are not legitimate. No matter how this crime is being conducted, it has been estimated that this sort of crime is costing the world approximately 13 billion dollars annually. Beginnings Software piracy became popular through the use of Bulletin Boards, which allowed people to dial into other an â€Å"underground† archive of pirated software. Around this time, 31/2 Inch discs were also a popular medium for pirated software. Popularity The reason behind the widespread popularity of software piracy lies in the cost. Why pay $80 dollars for a piece of software, when you could get it for the price of a blank CD. Software piracy has boomed over recent years, which can most likely be attributed to the drop in price of CD Writers, which allow the user to copy from one CD to another in less than an hour. During the beginnings of software piracy, the floppy disc ...

Claudius has been presented in the theatre as a worthy King Essay

Claudius has been presented in the theatre as a worthy King and Polonius as an amiable and sensible father. What is your response to the ways in which Shakespeare presents one of these characters? It is hard to judge the character of Polonius in Shakespeare’s Hamlet, due to the fact Shakespeare presents many of the events not only through Hamlet’s eyes, but the eyes of Polonius’ children and the King, and through these different people he is presented in different ways. However, there is a great deal more to this multi-faceted character in the play, as his presence and actions in the play is of great importance, before and after his death. Polonius is presented in different ways in various stage productions; usually, he is presented as a wise man, and one with great influence upon his son and daughter, Laertes and Ophelia, and of a man highly respected by King Claudius, Queen Gertrude and the people of Denmark. Despite this, he can become a rather comic character, if the company wishes Hamlet to be presented more positively. As Polonius is presented through different productions in different ways, it is difficult to evaluate his true nature. As the play is largely presented through Hamlet’s eyes, it is from him we draw many of our opinions. It is eventually Hamlet that kills Polonius, stabbing him through the arras, and Hamlet who sends him off with such harsh words as â€Å"a foolish, prating knave†; it can be said that he encompasses aspects of this statement, as we see in different parts of the play. However, to be deeply cynical of Polonius is somewhat hard to do. Polonius, in the eyes of Claudius, the Queen, the words and actions of Laertes, Ophelia and the Danish people, and the obediency of Reynaldo give us a more reasoned insight into Polonius. Polonius can be seen as foolish mainly when talking to his servant, Reynaldo, wherein he directs Reynaldo as to how to spy on Laertes. During his speech, Polonius gets wrapped up in his own words, and seems to lose the points he is trying to get across; â€Å"And then, sir, does a’ this – he does – what was I about to say? By the mass I was about to say something. Where did I leave?†; Shakespeare also transfers from blank verse into prose, accentuating Polonius’ loss of grip. However, this may actually be cleverly checking if Reynaldo is listening; the fact he quotes him directly back â€Å"At ‘closes in the consequence’, at ‘friend or so’, / and, ‘gentlemen'† suggests many positive factors. For one, it is a reflection on Polonius’ authority and importance that Reynaldo remains attentive and quotes him back perfectly. Also, if this is a trick, Polonius may feel the matter is so important to his son’s welfare that he needs to test Reynaldo to see if he really is listening so that the surveillance can be perfectly executed. Polonius may be seen to lose his grip in his bouts of prating to the King and Queen in parts of the play too. His speech to Claudius and Gertrude concerning Hamlet’s madness is a prime example of Polonius’ prattling, as we see in his long-winded build up to his conclusion, that Hamlet is mad; Therefore, since brevity is the soul of wit,  And tediousness the limbs and outward flourishes,  I will be brief. Your noble son is mad.†.

the daodejing of Laozi Essays

the daodejing of Laozi Essays the daodejing of Laozi Essay the daodejing of Laozi Essay Name: Course: Lecturer: Date: The daodejing of Laozi The daodejing of Laozi is a Daoist with a personality that has brought a lot of influence on Chinese thought. The Laozi or Daodejing transformed into what it is today in the third century. Today, it continues to get so much popularity in the whole of East Asia and beyond. Philip J Ivanhoe’s lucid and philosophical interpretation give fresh insights into this classic work. The Language unit, which is unique to this edition, gives eight translations of the starting passage by famous and influential people and explains well, how they were, interpreted (Laozi, 20). Laozi was a philosopher who lived in the early years and was a Daoist. The Daodejing is a leader or deity who existed among the Chinese community. The Zhuangzi is the first place to use Laozi as an individual name and to know Laozi and Lao Tan. The earliest things related to Laozi are found in the Zhuangzi’s chapters. Parts of the chapters of that work have ten areas where Laozi is the central object. Four of them have straight criticism about the Confucian. They have comprehensions from the Daodejing, and they could belong to the time when that collection was approaching a final form (45). The major thing that makes this book exceptional is that it has included a Chinese to English dictionary for all of the characters used in the Dao De Jing. Every dictionary entry has the traditional and uncomplicated characters as well as the. Every character is split down into its contents with a description of those contents. Also, there is an included brief etymology for the character, some historical and cultural background information surrounding the use of the character. There is a diagram too, diagram on how to write each one. Another fundamental part of the dictionary is the addition of a concordance for each character, which indicates the number of the chapter and position of every character within the Dao De Jing. This makes provision for a user to look up the several times that a specific character was used in the text, for of comparison reasons in the text. In reference to a book called Rites, a person called Lao Tan was a specialist of rituals (Laozi, 56). On four times, Confucius is said to have answered to questions by requesting responses from Lao Tan. Research says that Confucius once helped Lao Tan in a funeral ceremony. In the Zhuangzi Lao Tan usually criticizes Confucius. It is the first book to use Laozi as an individual’s name and to know there is Laozi and Lao tan. The Zhuangzi contains work from a tutor called Zhuang Zhou who existed between 370-300 BCE (68). Units one to seven of the present thirty three are the most frequently known to Zhuangzi, which means Zhuang is a master. Guo Xiang reviewed the work in the first fifty years of the third Century. He worked on fifty two parts, which he had found. He turned down the material because he considered it inferior. He spared thirty three units and separated them into two parts. There were inner units and outer ones. Apart from that, the ones that remained originated fro m other people and they have different perspectives of opinions. Lao Tan refers to Confucius by his name in three comprehensions. This kind of freedom is only entitled to an individual with authority and power. It makes people see that Lao Tan was Confucius’ tutor hence considered him a superior. This is not confirmed to be true. Confucius was a confused person who was not successful. Laozi work was an archivist and considered Confucius written work not important. Hence; not worth preserving in the library. In another case, Confucius says that he understood well what was called six classics (Laozi, 70). He went ahead and convinced seventy-two kings about the truth. Unfortunately, they were not bothered about that. When Laozi learnt this, he persuaded Confucius to stop minding irrelevant things. The Dao De Jing has been viewed as one of the most fundamental philosophical and spiritual texts to be written in the early years of China. It has been interpreted more times than any other documented work apart from the Bible. The name Dao means a road, and is often translated as way. This is because sometimes Dao is used as a noun but other times as a verb. Dao is reality itself, the way things come together as they transform. All this brings out the deep Chinese belief that change is the most important trait of things. In the classic change, the patterns of this change are shown by numbers representing 64 relations of forces called hexagrams (Laozi, 76). Dao is the change of these forces, most frequently simply known as yin and yang. The Xici is a statement on the Yi jing founded in almost the same time as the DDJ. The teaching of Daodejing is that people cannot fathom the Dao. This is because even though it is named in any way, it cannot be captured. It is beyond the people’s thoughts. Those who wu Wei may become one with it and thus obtain the Dao. Wu Wei is a not easy to translate. Yet, it is generally accepted that the traditional making it as non action or no action is incorrect. Daoism is not a philosophy of doing nothing. Wu Wei means people should act naturally. The vital concept is that there is no need for people altering the process of reality. Wu Wei should be the way people live, because the Dao is beneficial. It does not harm anyone (Laozi, 83). The way to get to heaven will always be doing the right thing and it comes from the Dao alone. No one can explain the nature of why the Dao is beneficial and good. Not even the sages can explain it. The earth is a reality that is full of spirits of forces. It is compared with to a sacred image used in religious ritual. The Dao occupies the place in reality where the family uses as an altar, for ancestors and gods. People should not think that that life is unfair. This is not true because in heaven things are very much in place. It does not mean that correlatives in Chinese philosophy are opposites of each other. They represent the ebb and processes of the reality forces: yin yang, masculine and feminine too much defect; leadership, following; active and dullness. As one approaches the fullness of yin, yang begins to show at the horizon and it emerges. Its lessons on correlation frequently (Laozi, 98). For instance, those who are crooked will be corrected. The bent ones will be straight. Those who are empty will be filled. Since these look paradoxical, they best understood as correlational in meaning. The DDJ thinks that straightforward words sound paradoxical. This does not imply they are. In fact, they are not. Sages pay attention to their internal energies. They clear their vision, show plainness and become like unused wood. They live naturally and away from desires of human beings. They settle themselves and learn how to live in a content way with what they have. The Daodejing makes uses some very known analogies to clarify his point. Sages understand the value of voidness as shown by how emptiness is utilized in a bowl, door, window, valley or canyon. They preserve the female, which means they know how to respond hence, assertive and active. Shouldering and an embrace, represent inner strength and it helps to have harmony (Laozi, 105). Those adhering to the Dao do not struggle, tamper, or look for control. They do not wish to assist life along or use their hearts and mind to solve or life’s difficulties and entanglements. Indeed, the DDJ warns that those who would attempt to do something with the world will not be successful. They will actually destroy it. Sages do not participate in disputes and arguments, or try to show they are correct. They are flexible, humble and like water. It finds its own place, conquering the difficult and robust by being supple. Sages act expecting no reward and they put themselves last and yet come first. They never make a put themselves on air, boast or are arrogant. Sages make peace, creatures do not harm them and soldiers do not kill them. Heaven takes care of the sage and they become invincible (Laozi, 114). Among the most debatable of the teachings in the DDJ are those closely related with rulers. Today’s research is approaching an agreement that the people who organized and put together the concepts of the DDJ participated in the leadership. They could have also participated in performing rituals and other religious ceremonies. As it may seem, many of the aphorisms directed to the leaders sound surprising at first sight. According to the DDJ, the appropriate leader keeps knowledge from the people, fills their stomachs, opens their hearts and eliminates their desires (Laozi, 117). A sagely leader decreases the size of the state and maintains the population to be small. Although the leader possesses armory, they are never used. The leader does not seek to be prominent. The leader is a shadowy presence and when the leader’s work is finished, the people say they are content. All this is interesting because Philosopher and theorist Han Feizi used Daodejing. He used it to bring unity to China. It is sad to know that this leader filled stomachs, kept knowledge from the people and emptied the minds of people. He destroyed all the books containing content about medicine, agriculture or astronomy (Laozi, 120)